The final keyword in Java is a modifier that can be applied to variables, methods, and classes to impose restrictions on their usage.

Final Variables: When a variable is declared as final, it means that its value cannot be changed once it has been initialized. This is useful for defining constants. For example:

java
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final int MAX_VALUE = 100;
Final Methods: Declaring a method as final ensures that it cannot be overridden by subclasses. This is useful for preventing changes to the implementation of methods that are critical to the correct functioning of the class. For example:

java
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public final void display() {
// method body
}
Final Classes: A class declared as final cannot be subclassed. This is useful for creating immutable classes or preventing inheritance for security reasons. For example:

java
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public final class MathUtils {
// class body
}
Using the final keyword helps in writing secure and robust code by preventing unintended changes to variables, methods, and classes. It enforces immutability and helps maintain the integrity of the application.

Understanding the final keyword is essential for mastering core java for beginners.

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