Microcontrollers are integral to embedded systems, serving as the central processing units that control system operations. They integrate a processor, memory, and input/output peripherals into a single chip, making them ideal for handling specific tasks efficiently. Microcontrollers are widely used in applications like home automation, automotive systems, and medical devices.

Factors influencing their selection include processing power, memory capacity, power consumption, cost, and compatibility with peripherals. Additionally, environmental considerations, such as temperature tolerance and durability, play a crucial role in choosing the right microcontroller. For deeper insights, consider joining an embedded system course.
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